INDUSTRY SECTORS
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Agriculture
Agriculture is one of Poland’s biggest industries, accounting for 3.8% of the country’s GDP and responsible for 12.7% of the country’s labour force. The industry is mostly private, as private farms make up 90% of the total farmlands. Majority of these private farmers (57%) own less than 5 hectares of farmland, and only 7% of private farms exceed 15 hectares in size in 1987. In contrast, most of the state-owned farmland was over 1,000 hectares in size.
Energy
The country is the world’s 9th largest producer of hard coal. It produces about 57 megatons of brown coal and 78 megatons of hard coal per year. Most of the locally sourced coal in Poland is consumed domestically, as the country is Europe’s second-largest consumer of coal, with its coal consumption only surpassed in Europe by neighbouring Germany.
Manufacturing
Manufacturing is also a significant industry in Poland. Automotive production accounts for 11% of its total industrial output and about 4% of the country’s GDP. The country is the world’s 23rd largest vehicle manufacturer and is eastern and central Europe’s largest producer of light vehicles. Poland’s manufacturing industry also features shipbuilding, the production of petrochemicals and fertilizers, and the manufacture of electronics and electrical machinery.
Tourism
Tourism is another important industry in Poland. The country has always been a tourist magnet since the collapse of the Eastern Bloc in the late 1980s but experienced a surge in tourist numbers after being an EU member in 2004. Poland was regarded as the world’s 16th most popular tourist destination in 2016 after an estimated 17.5 million tourists visited the country. The country is known for its natural scenery and historic sites.